英语高手进来啊!!几个初中短语的区别

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初中所有的英语短语~

一、接不定式(而不接动名词)作宾语的24个常用动词
afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事
agree to do sth. 同意做某事
arrange to do sth.安排做某事
ask to do sth. 要求做某事
beg to do sth. 请求做某事
care to do sth. 想要做某事
choose to do sth. 决定做某事
decide to do sth. 决定做某事
demand to do sth. 要求做某事
determine to do sth. 决心做某事
expect to do sth. 期待做某事
fear to do sth. 害怕做某事
help to do sth. 帮助做某事
hope to do sth. 希望做某事
learn to do sth. 学习做某事
manage to do sth. 设法做某事
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
plan to do sth. 计划做某事
prepare to do sth. 准备做某事
pretend to do sth. 假装做某事
promise to do sth. 答应做某事
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
want to do sth. 想要做某事
wish to do sth. 希望做某事
注:有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式,不接动名词:
aim to do sth. 打算做某事
fail to do sth. 未能做某事
long to do sth. 渴望做某事
happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事
hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事

二、接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词
advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
ask sb. to do sth.请(叫)某人做某事
bear sb. to do sth.忍受某人做某事
beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事
cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事
command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事
elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事
forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事
force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
get sb. to do sth. 使(要)某人做某事
hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事
help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事
invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事
like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事
mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事
need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事
oblige sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事
order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
teach sb. to do sth .教某人做某事
tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事
trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事
want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事
wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
注:不要受汉语意思的影响而误用以下动词句型:
汉语说:“害怕某人做某事”,但英语不说fear sb. to do sth.。
汉语说:“原谅某人做某事”,但英语不说excuse [forgive] sb. to do sth.。
汉语说:“拒绝某人做某事”,但英语不说refuse sb. to do sth.。
汉语说:“惩罚某人做某事”,但英语不说punish sb. to do sth.。
汉语说:“建议某人做某事”,但英语不说suggest [propose] sb. to do sth.。
汉语说:“赞成某人做某事”,但英语不说approve sb. to do sth.。
汉语说:“通知某人做某事”,但英语不说inform sb. to do sth.。
汉语说:“欢迎某人做某事”,但英语不说welcome sb. to do sth.。
汉语说:“坚持某人做某事”,但英语不说insist [persist] sb. to do sth.。
汉语说:“希望某人做某事”,但英语不说hope sb. to do sth.。
汉语说:“安排某人做某事”,但英语不说arrange sb. to do sth.。
汉语说:“要求某人做某事”,但英语不说demand sb. to do sth.。
汉语说:“感谢某人做某事”,但英语不说thank sb. to do sth.。
汉语说:“祝贺某人做某事”,但英语不说congratulate sb. to do sth.。
汉语说:“阻止某人做某事”,但英语不说prevent sb. to do sth.。
要表示以上意思,可换用其他表达:
汉语的“原谅某人做某事”,英语可说成excuse [forgive] sb. for doing sth.。
汉语的“希望某人做某事”,英语可说成wish sb. to do sth.。
汉语的“建议某人做某事”,英语可说成advise sb. to do sth.。
汉语的“安排某人做某事”,英语可说成arrange for sb. to do sth.。
汉语的“要求某人做某事”,英语可说成demand of sb. to do sth.。
汉语的“感谢某人做某事”,英语可说成thank sb. for doing sth.。
汉语的“祝贺某人做某事”,英语可说成congratulate sb. on doing sth.。
汉语的“阻止某人做某事”,英语可说成prevent sb. from doing sth.。
三、接动名词(不接不定式)作宾语的34个常用动词
admit doing sth. 承认做某事 advise doing sth. 建议做某事
allow doing sth. 允许做某事 appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
delay doing sth. 推迟做某事 deny doing sth. 否认做某事
discuss doing sth. 讨论做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事 escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事
excuse doing sth. 原谅做某事 fancy doing sth. 设想做某事
finish doing sth. 完成做某事 forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事
forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 keep doing sth. 保持做某事
mention doing sth. 提及做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事
miss doing sth. 错过做某事 pardon doing sth. 原谅做某事
permit doing sth. 允许做某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某事
prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事 prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事
put off doing sth. 推迟做某事 report doing sth. 报告做某事
risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事
suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 understand doing sth. 理解做某事

四、接现在分词作宾补的20个常用动词
bring sb. doing sth.引起某人做某事 catch sb. doing sth. 碰上(撞上)某人做某事
discover sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事 feel sb. doing sth. 感觉某人做某事
find sb. doing sth. 碰上(撞上)某人做某事 get sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事
have sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事 hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人做某事
keep sb. doing sth. 使某人不停地做某事 listen to sb. doing sth. 听某人做某事
look at sb. doing sth. 看着某人做某事 notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人做某事
observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人做某事 prevent sb. doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事 send sb. doing sth.使某人(突然)做某事
set sb. doing sth. 使(引起)某人做某事 start sb. doing sth. 使某人开始做某事
stop sb. doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 watch sb. doing sth. 观五、接动词原形作宾补的11个常用动词
feel sb. do sth. 感觉某人做某事 have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事 let sb. do sth.让某人做某事
listen to sb. do sth. 听着某人做某事 look at sb. do sth. 看着某人做某事
make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 notice sb. do sth. 注意某人做某事
observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事 see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事
watch sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事
察某人做某事
六、接不定式或动名词作宾语意思相同的12个动词
like to do sth / like doing sth. 喜欢做某事
love to do sth / love doing sth. 喜欢做某事
hate to do sth / hate doing sth. 憎恨做某事
prefer to do sth / prefer doing sth. 宁可做某事
begin to do sth / begin doing sth. 开始做某事
start to do sth / start doing sth. 开始做某事
continue to do sth / continue doing sth. 继续做某事
can’t bear to do sth / can’t bear doing sth. 不能忍受做某事
bother to do sth / bother doing sth. 麻烦做某事
intend to do sth / intend doing sth.想要做某事
attempt to do sth / attempt doing sth. 试图做某事
cease to do sth / cease doing sth. 停止做某事

七、接不定式或动名词作宾语意思不同的7个动词
(1) remember to do sth. 记住要做某事 remember doing sth. 记住曾做过某事
(2) forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记曾做过某事
(3) regret to do sth. 后悔(遗憾)要做某事 regret doing sth. 后悔(遗憾)曾做过某事
(4) try to do sth. 设法要做某事 try doing sth. 做某事试试看有何效果
(5) mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
(6) can’t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事 can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事
(7) go on to do sth. 做完某事后接着做另一事 go on doing sth. 继续做一直在做的事
注:stop to do sth. 与stop doing sth.也不同,前者指停下来去做某事,后者指停止正在做的事,但stop to do sth. 中的不定式不是宾语,是目的状语。

一、动词词组 (包括短语动词)、介词词组和其他词组

(一) 由 be 构成的词组

1) be back/ in/ out 回来/在家/外出

2) be at home/ work 在家/上班

3) be good at 善于,擅长于

4) be careful of 当心,注意,仔细

5) be covered with 被……复盖

6) be ready for 为……作好准备

7) be surprised (at) 对……感到惊讶

8) be interested in 对……感到举

9) be born 出生

10) be on 在进行,在上演, (灯)亮着

11) be able to do sth. 能够做……

12) be afraid of (to do sth. that …) 害怕……(不敢做……,恐怕……)

13) be angry with sb. 生(某人)的气

14) be pleased (with) 对……感到高兴(满意)

15) be famous for 以……而著名

16) be strict in (with) (对工作、对人)严格要求

17) be from 来自……,什么地方人

18) be hungry/thirsty/tired 饿了/渴了/累了

19) be worried 担忧

20) be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做……

21) be covered with 被……所覆盖……

22) be in (great) need of (很)需要

23) be in trouble 处于困境中

24) be glad to do sth. 很高兴做……

25) be late for ……迟到

26) be made of (from) 由……制成

27) be satisfied with 对……感到满意

28) be free 空闲的,有空

29) be (ill) in bed 卧病在床

30) be busy doing (with) 忙于做……(忙于……)

(二) 由 come, do, get, give, go, have, help, keep, make, looke, put, set, send, take, turn, play 等动词构成的词组

1) come back 回来

2) come down 下来

3) come in 进入,进来

4) come on 快,走吧,跟我来

5) come out出来

6) come out of 从……出来

7) come up 上来

8) come from 来自……

9) do one's lessons/ homework 做功课/回家作业

10) do more speaking/ reading 多做口头练习/朗读

11) do one's best 尽力

12) do some shopping (cooking reading, cleaning) 买东西 (做饭菜,读点书,大扫除)

13) do a good deed (good deeds) 做一件好事(做好事)

14) do morning exercises 做早操

15) do eye exercises 做眼保健操

16) do well in 在……某方面干得好

17) get up 起身

18) get everything ready 把一切都准备好

19) get ready for (= be ready for) 为……作好准备

20) get on (well) with 与……相处(融洽)

21) get back 返回

22) get rid of 除掉,去除

23) get in 进入,收集

24) get on/ off 上/下车

25) get to 到达

26) get there 到达那里

27) give sb. a call 给……打电话

28) give a talk 作报告

29) give a lecture (a piano concert) 作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会)

30) give back 归还,送回

31) give … some advice on 给……一些忠告

32) give lessons to 给……上课

33) give in 屈服

34) give up 放弃

35) give sb. a chance 给……一次机会

36) give a message to … 给……一个口信

37) go ahead 先走,向前走,去吧,干吧

38) go to the cinema 看电影

39) go go bed 睡觉(make the bed 整理床铺)

40) go to school (college) 上学(上大学)

41) go to (the) hospital 去医院看病

42) go over 过一遍,复习/ go over to 朝……走去

43) go fishing/ skating/ swimming/ shopping 去钩鱼/滑冰/游泳/买东西

44) go home (there) 回家去(去那儿)

45) go round 顺便去,绕道走

46) go up 上去

47) go out for a walk 外出散步

48) go on (doing) 继续(做……)

49) go on with one's work 继续某人的工作

50) go upstairs/ downstairs 上/下楼

51) (the lights) go out (灯)熄了

52) have a lesson (lessons)/ a meeting 上课/开会

53) have a football match (basketball match) 举行一场足球(蓝球)赛

54) have dictation 听见

55) have a try 试一试

56) have a good/wonderful time 玩得很高兴

57) have a lecture (a piano concert) 听讲座(听钢琴音乐会)

58) have a report (talk) on 听一个关于……的报告

59) have a glass of water (a cup of tea) 喝一杯水,(一杯茶)

60) have breakfast/ lunch/ supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭

61) have a meal (three meals) 吃一顿饭(三餐饭)

62) have a dinner 吃正餐

63) have bread and milk for breakfast 早饭吃面包和牛奶

64) have (have got) a headache 头痛

65) have a fever 发烧

66) have a cough (a cold) 咳嗽(感冒)

67) have a look (at) 看一看……

68) have a rest (a break) 休息一会儿(工间或课间休息)

69) have a talk 谈话

70) have a swim/ walk 游泳/散步

71) have sports 进行体育锻炼

72) have a sports meet (meeting) 开运动会

73) have something done 让人(请人)做……

74) have a test/ an exam 测验/考试

75) have an idea 有了个主意

76) had better do sth. (not do sth.) 最好做……(最好不要做……)

77) have a word with 与……谈几句话

78) help sb. with sth. help sb. do sth. 在……方面帮助…… 帮助……做

79) help oneself to some chicken/ fish/ meat 请随便吃点鸡/鱼/肉

80) help each other 互相帮助

81) keep up with 跟上……,不落后于……

82) keep silent/ quiet 保持沉默/安静

83) keep sb. doing sth. 使……一直做……

84) keep one's diary 记日记

85) make a noise (a lot of noise, much noise, noises) 吵闹(十分嘈杂,响声)

86) make a living 谋生

87) make sb. do sth. 迫使某人做……

88) make faces (a face)做鬼脸

89) make friends (with) 与……交朋友

90) make a mistake (mistakes) 犯错误

91) make room/space for 给……腾出地方

92) make a sentence (sentences)with 用……造句

93) make a fire 生火

94) be made from/ of 由……制成

95) be made in 在……地方制造

96) look out of (outside) 往外看(看外面)

97) look up a word (in the dictionary) 查字典

98) look up 往上看,仰望

99) look after 照管,照看,照顾

100)look for 寻找

101) look like 看上去像

102) look fine/ well/ tired/ worried 看起来气色好/健康/疲劳/忧虑

103) look out 当心,小心

104) look on … as … 把……当作……看待

105) look around 朝四周看

106) look at 看着……

107) put on 穿上(衣服),戴上(帽子),上演(戏剧)

108) put up 建造,搭起,挂起,举起,张帖

109) put into 使进入,输入

110) put one's heart into 全神贯注于

111) put … down … 把……放下

112) put … into … 把……译成

113) set up 竖起,建起

114) set off 出发,动身

115) set out 出发

116) set an example for 为……树立榜样

117) send for 派人去请(叫)

118) send out 放出,发出

119) end up 把……往上送,发射

120) take one's advice 听从某人劝告

121) take out 拿出,取出

122) take down 拿下

123) take place 发生

124) take one's place 坐……的座位,代替某人职务

125) take the place of 代替……

126) take a walk/ rest 散步/休息

127) take it easy 别紧张

128) take sth.with sb. 随身带着

129) take sb. to a park/ London for one's holidays 带某人去公园/伦敦度假

130) take care of 关心,照顾,保管

131) take a look (a last look) at 看一看(最后看一眼)

132) take an exam 参加考试

133) take away 拿走

134) take back 收回,带回

135) take hold of 抓住……

136) take off 脱下(衣,帽,鞋等)拿掉

137) take (an active) part in (积极)参加(活动)

138) take photos 拍照

139) take some medicine 服药

140) take a bus/ train/ boat 乘公共汽车,火车/船

141) turn on 开,旋开(电灯,收音机等)

142) turn off 关上(电灯,收音机等)

143) turn in 交出,上交

144) turn … into … 变成……

145) turn to 翻到,转向

146) turn down (把音量)调低

147) turn … over 把……翻过来

148) play basketball/ football/ volleyball 打篮球/踢足球/打排球

149) play games 做游戏

150) play the piano (the violin) 弹钢琴(拉小提琴)

151) play with snow 玩雪

152) play a joke (on) 对……开玩笑

(三) 由其他动词构成的词组

153) think over 仔细考虑

154) arrive at/in a place 到达某处

155) eat up 吃完,吃光

156) do well in 在……干得好

157) enjoy doing sth./ like doing sth. 喜欢做某事/喜欢干某事

158) find out 发现,查出(真相等)

159) finish off 吃完,喝完

160) stop doing sth. 停止做某事

161) stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事

162) hold a meting 举行会议

163) hold up 举起

164) hurry up 赶快,快点

165) enter for 报名参加

166) langht at 嘲笑

167) be used to 习惯于

168) used to 过去常常

169) wake … up 唤醒

170) work out 算出

二、动词短语、介词短语和其他词组

1) ask for 向……要……,请求

2) ask for leave 请假

3) send for 派人去请(叫)

4) pay for 付……的款

5) wait for 等候

6) thank for 为……感谢

7) apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉

8) look for 寻找

9) leave … for 离开……去……

10) fall off 跌落

11) catch cold 着凉,伤风

12) catch up with 赶上

13) agree with sb. 赞成,同意某人的意见

14) filled … with 把……装满

15) tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事

16) talk about 谈论……

17) think about 考虑……

18) worry about 担忧……

19) look after 照料

20) run after 追赶,跟在后面跑

21) read after 跟……读

22) smile at 对……微笑

23) knock at 敲(门、窗)

24) shout at 对……大喊(嚷)

25) throw away 扔掉

26) work hard at 努力做……

27) wait in line 排队等候

28) change … into … 变成……

29) hurry into … 匆忙进入……

30) run into … 跑进……

31) hear of 听说……

32) think of 认为,考虑……

33) catch hold of 抓住……

34) instead of 代替……

35) hand in 交上来

36) stay in bed 卧病在床

37) hear from 收到……来信

38) at once 立刻

39) at last 最后

40) at first 起先,首先

41) at the age of … 在……岁时

42) at the end of … 在……之末

43) at the beginning of … 在……之初

44) at the foot of … 在……脚下

45) at the same time 同时

46) at night/ noon 在夜里/中午

47) with one's help 在某人的帮助下,由于某人的帮助

48) with the help of … 在……的帮助下

49) with a smile 面带笑容

50) with one's own eyes 亲眼看见

51) after a while 过了一会儿

52) from now on 从现在起

53) from then on 从那时起

54) far example 例如

55) far away from 远离

56) from morning till night 从早到晚

57) by and by 不久

58) by air mail 寄航空邮件

59) by ordinary mail 寄平信

60) by the way 顺便说

61) by the window 在窗边

62) by the end of … 到……底为止

63) little by little 逐渐地

64) in all 总共

65) in fact 事实上

66) in one's twenties 在某人二十几岁时

67) in a hurry 匆忙

68) in the middle of 在……中间

69) in no time (in a minute) 立刻,很快

70) in time (on time) 及时

71) in public 公众,公开地

72) in order to 为了……

73) in front of 在……前面

74) in the sun 在阳光下

75) in the end 最后,终于

76) in surprise 惊奇地

77) in turn 依次

78) of course 当然

79) a bit (of) 有一点儿

80) a lot of 许多

81) on one's way to 某人在去……的路上

82) on foot 步行,走路

83) a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告

84) on the other hand 另一方面

85) at/ on the weekend 在周末

86) on the left (right) 在左(右)边

87) on the other side of 在……另一边

88) on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播)

89) to one's joy 使……高兴的是

90) to one's surprise 使……惊讶的是

三、量词词组和其他词组

(一) 量词词组

1) a bit 一点儿

2) a few (of) 一些(可数),几个……

3) a little 一些(不可数)

4) a lot of (lots of) 许多

5) a piece of 一张(一片,块)

6) a cup of 一茶怀

7) a glass of 一玻璃杯

8) a pile of (piles and piles of) 一堆(一堆堆的)……

9) a box of 一盒

10) a copy of 一份,一本

11) a bowl of 一碗

12) a basket of 一篮

13) a plate of 一盘

14) a bottle of 一瓶

15) a basin of 一脸盆

16) a set of 一套

17) a kind of 一种

18) a type of 一种类型的

19) a great deal of 非常多,大量的(不可数名词)

20) a large (great) number of 非常多,大量的(可数名词)

21) a great many 大量,许多(可数名词)

22) a different type of 一种不同型号的

23) a group of 一队,一组,一群

(二) 其他词组

1) all kinds of 各种各样的

2) all over the world/ the country 全世界/全国

3) all over 遍及每一部分,浑身

4) all one's life 一生

5) one after another 顺次

6) the Children's Palace 少年宫

7) day after day 日复一日

8) up and down 上上下下

9) the day after tomorrow 后天

10) the day before yesterday 前天

11) the last/ past two years (or so) 最近两年(左右)

12) the whole country/ the whole world 全国/全世界

13) a moment ago 刚才

14) just now/ then 刚才/那时

15) half an hour's walk 步行半小时的路程

16) late on 过后,后来

other及其变化形式在初中教材中多次出现,而且它的变化形式很多,有以下几种:the other, others, the others, another 等。它们的用法现归纳如下;

other后接单复数均可,other one或other two students.

others只能作代词,意思是“其它的人(物或事等)”,常用来泛指。

the other也是既能作形容词,又能作代词。但它一般用来表示总数为二时的“另外一个”,经常与one搭配。 other也能既作形容词又可作代词,意思是“别的,另外的”。

the others也只能作代词,意思与others相近,但常用来特指。

any other 后接复数名词,表示“一些其他……”;any other后接单数名词时,表示“其他任何一个……”。

another作形容词时,是指在原有的基础上再加一(些),表示“再一(些)”或“另外一个(些)”的意思,在心理上至少有三个。 another还可作代词,意思与作形容词时一样。它前面不能加任何冠词,后面也不能加s

相关词组:

one… the other 只有两个
some… the others 有三个以上
some… others,others…
others = other people/things
the others = the rest 剩余的全部

1) 泛指另一个用another。
2) 一定范围内两人(物),一个用one,另一个用the other。
3) 一定范围内三者,一个用one,另一个用one (another),第三个可用the other,a third。
4) 一定范围内,除去一部分人/物,剩余的全部用the others。
5) 泛指别的人或物时,用others当在一定范围内,除去一部分后,剩余部分但不是全部时,也用others。

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search\find\look for\look up\see
search表示仔细地搜索,搜寻,查找
After a long search for the murder weapon, the police found a knife.

find强调找的结果,是非延续性动词,意为”找到”
we returned to the house and looked in every room, but could't find it.

look for 是一般的寻找,强调找的动作是延续性动词
he decided to look for a cave, where he could hide.

look up 一般是指查找字典
He looked the word up in the dictionary.

see表示看见,看到
We are going to see him tomorrow.

join\take part in
join参加,加入
She joined the company three months age.

take part in也是参加
She takes part in the party.

spend\cost\pay\pay for\take
Spend 的主语必须是“人”,宾语可以是钱,精力,时间等,其后面用on (for)+ 名词,或用IN(可省略)+动名词形式,不接不定式
he spent much money on books.

cost的主语必须是"事”或”物”,表示”费用,耗费”
the book costs him 5 yuan.

pay的基本意思是”支付”,作为及物动词,宾语可以是人,钱
He paid the taxi and hurried to the station.

pay for的宾语为”物”,”事”,for为支付的原因
You'll have to pay me ten dollars a week for your meals.

take表示”花费时,其主语一般是”一件事”,有时主语也可以是人,它说明事情完成花费了
It took me ten minutes to go to the post office.
The journey tooks me three hours.

other作前置定语,修饰单数或复数名词.如:
we study Chinese, maths, and other lessons.

others用作代词,泛指”其他人”或”其它物”.如:
some say yes,and other say no.

the other指整体中除去一部分,剩余的全部。如:
There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty of us are girls. The others are boys.

another:用于泛指三者的不定数目中的”另一个”,是特指
I don't want this one. Please give me aother.

one……the other表示两者中的“另外一个”或两部分中的“另一部分“是特指
she has two children. one is a boy, the other is a girl.

some……others 其实同others用法一样.用作代词,泛指”其他人”或”其它物”
some are drawing ,others are climbing the hill.

search\find\look for\look up\see
search表示仔细地搜索,搜寻,查找
After a long search for the murder weapon, the police found a knife.

find强调找的结果,是非延续性动词,意为”找到”
we returned to the house and looked in every room, but could't find it.

look for 是一般的寻找,强调找的动作是延续性动词
he decided to look for a cave, where he could hide.

look up 一般是指查找字典
He looked the word up in the dictionary.

see表示看见,看到
We are going to see him tomorrow.

join\take part in
join参加,加入
She joined the company three months age.

take part in也是参加
She takes part in the party.

spend\cost\pay\pay for\take
Spend 的主语必须是“人”,宾语可以是钱,精力,时间等,其后面用on (for)+ 名词,或用IN(可省略)+动名词形式,不接不定式
he spent much money on books.

cost的主语必须是"事”或”物”,表示”费用,耗费”
the book costs him 5 yuan.

pay的基本意思是”支付”,作为及物动词,宾语可以是人,钱
He paid the taxi and hurried to the station.

pay for的宾语为”物”,”事”,for为支付的原因
You'll have to pay me ten dollars a week for your meals.

take表示”花费时,其主语一般是”一件事”,有时主语也可以是人,它说明事情完成花费了
It took me ten minutes to go to the post office.
The journey tooks me three hours.

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