请给我讲一讲英语 反义疑问句 ？ 最好有例子
反义疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保持一致.
反义疑问句（Tag Question）
(1) 反义疑问句常用来征求对方的看法.其结构为：+,-.或 -,+.
即前面的称述句为肯定形式,后面的疑问句用否定形式；或者相反.这两部分句子中的主语同指一人或事物,在时态、人称、数上应保持一致.另外,当前面部分为否定句时,要注意英文与汉语的回答不一样.
He's to go home via Hongkong, isn't?
---Yes, he is.
他准备经由香港回国,对吧?--是的.
2) 前面是祈使句,其反义疑问句的表达方式为：
Let's meet at the airport, shall we ?
我们在机场碰头,行不行?
Have a little more wine, will you ?
喝点儿酒,好吗?
(3) 当前面这部分句子中有barely, few ,little, hardly, scarcely, seldom, never, nothing等否定词时,反义疑问句中要用肯定式.
They hardly ever went to the movies, did they?
他们几乎不去看电影,是不是?
(4) 当前面句子中的主语是everybody, nobody, somebody, everyone, no one ,someone, nothing, something时,反义疑问句中的代词用they.当前面句子中的主语为anything, everything, nothing, something 时,反义疑问句中的代词用it.
No one was hurt in the accident, were they?
没有人在这次事故中受伤,是不是?
Everything seems all right, doesn't it?
一切似乎都正常,是吗?
(5) 当前面句子中出现I am…结构时,后面的反义疑问句中用aren't I.
I'm late, aren't I?
我迟到了,是吗?
(6) 复合句的反义疑问句
I didn't think he was happy, was he?
我认为他并不幸福,是不是?
I don't suppose that he cares ,does he?
我认为他并不关心,是不是?
反意疑问句是英文中常见的一种句型，它提出情况或看法，询问对方同意与否，被广泛应用于英语口语。反意疑问句通常由两部分构成：前一部分用陈述句的形式（statement），后一部分是一个附着在前一部分上的简短问句(也叫tag question)。所附简短问句中的主语和谓语与陈述句的保持一致，而且两部分的时态要一致。反意疑问句有四种类型：（1）肯定陈述+否定简短问句；（2）否定陈述+肯定简短问句；（3）肯定陈述+肯定简短问句；（4）否定陈述+否定简短问句。其中，前两种运用最为广泛。除此之外，反意疑问句还有“祈使句+简短问句”的形式，这种用法通常用于减弱祈使语气。如: Carry this parcel for me, can you? 给我拿一下包，好吗？
反意疑问句的构成有以下几点特殊情况须注意：
1．当陈述句的主语是everyone, everybody, someone, somebody时，简短问句中的主语通常用they。如果陈述句的主语是非人称的复合词，如everything, something, anything, 则简短问句中相应的人称代词是单数的中性词it。例如:
Somebody borrowed my coat yesterday, didn’t they?
Nobody came, did they?
Everyone thinks they’re the center of the universe, don’t they?
Nothing can stop us now, can it?
2．当陈述句是表示存在的句子时，简短问句用there 作形式主语。例如:
There isn’t a book on the table, is there?
There’s something wrong, isn’t there?
There won’t be any trouble, will there?
3．如果陈述句中包含有如下的否定或半否定词, 如seldom, hardly, never, rarely,little, few, nowhere, nothing，则简短问句通常用肯定形式。但如果陈述句中仅包含有否定前缀，则简短问句中用否定形式。例如：
He was unsuccessful, wasn’t he?
The rules are invariable, aren’t they?
He seldom pays more attention to his pronunciation, does he?
He hardly knows anything about computer, does he?
Tom has little knowledge of how to spend money, does he?
4．陈述句中是I am时，简短问句则用aren’t I。例如:
I am an excellent English speaker, aren’t I?
I am late, aren’t I ?
5．陈述句中是非限定人称代词one时，正式文体中，简短问句的主语为one，而非正式文体中用you。例如:
One must be honest, mustn’t one?
6．含有宾语从句的主从复合句的反意疑问句中，简短问句一般反映主句中主、谓之间的关系。但如果主句是I think, I suppose, I believe, I suspect, I imagine 等时，则简短问句反映的是that从句中主语与谓语之间的关系。例如：
They agreed that the United States shouldn’t make a war on Iraq, didn’t they?
I suppose (that) he is serious, isn’t he?
注意：否定词移位的情况，如：
I don’t suppose (that) he is serious, is he?
7．如果陈述句的谓语动词是have (当 “拥有”讲时), 简短问句可用have形式或用do形式。例如：
You have a nice house, haven’t/don’t you?
但如果陈述句是否定形式时，简短问句中动词的选择则由陈述句中的动词形式而定。例如：
He hasn’t a house of his own, has he?
He doesn’t have a house of his own, does he?
如果陈述句中的动词 have 表示“经历，遭受，得到，吃”的意思时，则简短问句中的动词用 do的形式。例如：
You often have headaches, don’t you?
8．当陈述句的动词是ought to时，英国英语中简短问句用ought，而美国英语中则用should。
9．陈述句中的动词是used to时，简短问句可用used 的形式或did的形式。例如:
The Smiths used to live in the countryside, usedn’t / didn’t they?
He didn’t use/used to tell lies, did he?
10.陈述句中动词为needn’t时，简短问句通常用 need。例如:
You needn’t do it if you don’t want to, need you?
You needn’t have told him the news, need you?
11.陈述句中must后动词的类属和时态不同，反意疑问句也不同。例如:
The food must be good, isn’t it?
You must have read the book last month, didn't you?
You must see the doctor, needn’t you?（must表必要性，故用needn’t）
You mustn’t do that again, must you?(must表示“不可以”）
12.当陈述部分是一祈使句时，简短问句则通常为 won’t you, would you, can you, can’t you, could you等，使语气婉转、客气。如果陈述部分的祈使句中含有第
一人称时，如Let’s do something, 则简短问句为 shall we?例如:
Do sit down, won’t you?
Shut up, can you?
在否定的祈使句后， 只能用will you。例如:
Don’t forget, will you?
1、构成：陈述句+反义疑问。陈述句和疑问句的主语以及谓语动词在人称、数、时态上通常要保持一致。
反义疑问句的主要形式有两种：
（1）肯定陈述句+否定反义疑问句。例如：
The songs in the movie "The Sound of Music" are really beautiful, aren't they?
电影《音乐之声》中的歌曲很美，不是吗？
（2）否定陈述句+肯定反义疑问句。例如：
You haven't finished your homework yet, have you?
你没有做完家庭作业，是吗？
2、反义疑问句的回答：答语要和实际情况相符合，遵循“实事求是”的原则。肯定的答案用yes+肯定结构，否定的答案用no+否定结构。例如；
A: You aren't a teacher, are you? 你不是老师，是吗？
B: Yes, i am./ No, i'm not. 不，我是。/ 是的，我不是。
3、几种特殊情况；
1) 陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I.
I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?
2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。
I wish to have a word with you, may I?
3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。
The Swede made no answer, did he / she?
Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?
4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用don't +主语（didn't +主语）。
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
7) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。
He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。
What colours, aren't they?
What a smell, isn't it?
12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it?
14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：
a. 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。
I don't think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。
We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。
Don't do that again, will you?
Go with me, will you / won't you ?
注意： Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?
18) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
There will not be any trouble, will there?
19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
It is impossible, isn't it?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
20) must在表"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。
He must be there now, isn't he?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?
一般提出两种或两种以上的可能,问对方选择哪一种.其结构可用一般疑问句,也可用特殊疑问句.供选择的两部分用or连接,前者读升调,后者读降调.
e.g. Will you go there by bus or by train?
What would you like, coffee or tea?
How many pens do you have, one or two?
选择疑问句的答语必须是完整的句子或其省略式,不能答yes或no.
e.g. Do you go to school by bus or by bike?
By bus.
Which would you like, tea or coffee? Coffee.
一般疑问句演化来的选择疑问句
e.g. Is it right or wrong?
Were you or he there?
Are they reading, chatting or watching TV?
特殊疑问句演化来的选择疑问句
e.g. Which do you like better, coffee or milk?
What color is it, red, blue or yellow?
Where are you going, to the classroom or to the library?
or not构成的选择疑问句
e.g. Do you want to buy it or not?
Are you ready or not
我补充一点
当肯定句中出现否定词汇时例如seldom、nobody、nothing等，反意部分用肯定。
