股指期货对中国股市的影响

作者&投稿:弥战 (若有异议请与网页底部的电邮联系)
股指期货对中国A股的影响?~

★股指期货推出对股市的影响: 第一:融资融券具有的做空机制主要是针对单只股票,而股指期货具有的做空机制则主要是针对大盘指数,而推出股指期货的重要意义则在于,投资者可根据对大盘走势的准确判断而实现盈利。因此,未来投资者轻大市、重个股的现象将得到一定程度的改观。 第二:股指期货具有交易成本低,杠杆倍数高,指令执行速度快等特点,因此,推出初期将吸引大批投机者进入股指期货市场,从而降低现货市场的流动性。但是,从长期来看,股指期货的套期保值和套利功能可以显著地降低现货市场的系统性风险,从而有助于吸引大批偏好低风险的长线资金持续进入,使得股市的流动性和规模大幅度地得以提高。 第三:第三,在股权分置改革后全流通市场建设的初期,股市不仅面临着非流通股解禁规模的不断扩大,再融资和新股扩容的不断加快,上市公司并购重组的大潮汹涌,还面对着市场制度建设和产品创新过程中,各项政策变动所带来的短期市场冲击。此时,股指期货具有的套期保值功能,将使得投资者能够有效地防范突发性事件所带来的系统性风险,以实现市场心理预期的稳定,并保证改革的顺利进行和市场的平稳过渡。 第四,由于套期保值者的盈利重心在现货市场,而投机者的盈利重心则在股指期货市场,即投机者主要利用现货市场对期货市场的影响以获取收益。因此,这就造成投机者向期市的逐步转移,使得现货市场过度炒作降低,而由于期市对股市的影响,则股市波动有加大的倾向。同时,股指期货市场对权证的炒作也有一定的替代和遏制作用。 第五,股指期货的市场套利功能加快了期现间的信息传递,提高了现货市场的流动性,完善了股市的定价机制。特别是,股指期货可有效地降低机构投资者对蓝筹股的操作频率,而保证金制度的施行,则提高了资金的利用效率,同时也成倍的放大了投资者的风险和收益。 第六,融券卖空交易需要借券,且必须通过券商来借,故交易量较小;而股指期货卖空交易方便,且数量大。同时,融券卖空可实现精确打压个股股价,而股指期货则主要是为了规避大盘指数的系统性避险,且股指期货的交易成本仅为股票交易的十分之一。考虑到美、英的市场系统性风险各自为26.8%和32.7%,而我国市场却高达65.7%,股指期货的推出将有助于规避我国A股市场的系统性风险,通过卖出股指期货以锁定市场下跌风险,从而不易出现市场的恐慌情绪,这将有助于增强A股市场对各长线资金的吸引力。 第七,为防止股指期货推出后的市场有可能被操控的风险,我国A股市场的超级大盘股的上市步伐正不断加快,以建立不易操控的股指。

  股指期货是金融市场发展到一定程度的必然产物。在发达市场,股指期货已经成为必备的风险管理工具之一,为投资者广泛运用。

  首先,股票市场的长期走势,是由宏观经济及上市公司的基本面决定的。股指期货价格是反映股票指数价格变动预期的一个外生因素,股指期货并不改变股票市场的长期走势。加入了股指期货这一元素后,现货市场包含的信息量更多,对信息的反应速度更快,因而现货市场的运行效率更高。同时,由于市场参与者的行为,对股票市场的短期走势会有影响。

  其次,任何衍生品的发展都需要一个过程,股指期货对现货市场的积极作用也是逐渐形成的。从成熟市场推出股指期货的情形来看,推出初期,股指期货的成交量通常不大。此后,随市场规模和风险管理需要的增长,股指期货市场逐渐壮大。

  再次,应当正确认识股指期货的风险。任何金融衍生工具给投资者带来收益的同时也带来风险,股指期货也不例外。但是,风险并非来自股指期货本身,而是取决于参与者采取何种交易策略以及相关的风险控制措施。因此,投资者应从自身的角度出发,精确度量包括股指期货在内的投资组合的风险与收益,选择合适的投资策略参与。从这个意义上说,股指期货对投资者的专业要求是比较高的,并不适合所有的投资者参与。而如果缺乏风险控制,任何投资都可能面临巨大的风险。

  股指期货的四方面影响
  股指期货对中国股市有四影响 不改市场长期趋势

  随着我国经济的持续稳定发展以及市场化改革的不断推进,金融衍生产品的推出成为当务之急。股指期货作为一个投资品种和风险管理工具,本身是中性的,它的推出不会改变市场的长期趋势,虽然在其推出后短期内可能会对股市形成一定的扰动,但主要仍将受市场总体态势及内在估值的影响,而且估值因素的影响更为重要。

  当然,由于股指期货具有金融衍生产品的特性,它的推出必然会对我国股票现货市场产生重要而深远的影响,主要有以下几个方面:

  影响一,证券投资思维方式的变革。股指期货提供了风险管理工具,有助于投资者真正构建投资组合,降低系统性风险。另外,股指期货引入了做空机制,影响市场走势的因素比以前就更多了,投资者的投资思维和投资策略也必须适时转变,改单向思维为双向思维。股指期货推出后,一方面,市场估值更趋合理,股价不太可能再大幅超出其内在价值,否则,与基本面严重脱节的股票就会产生很多套利机会;另一方面,只要趋势判断准确,做空也能获利,即在熊市中亦可赚钱。

  影响二,可以吸引增量资金进场,扩大股票市场规模,增强市场流动性。股指期货推出后,由于部分投资者需要对资产组合进行重新配置,故短期内可能会分流股票现货市场的资金,影响股票市场交易量。但从中长期来看,股指期货的推出使得股票交易机制更加完善,同时多了一种风险管理工具,将会吸引更多的稳健型资金参与股票投资。另外,利用股票现货和股指期货套利是一种风险较低的交易模式,能够吸引许多套利资金入市。因此,股指期货能够为市场带来大量新增资金,提高股票现货市场的活跃程度,推动股票现货和股指期货的交易量双向增长。美国、香港等市场的经验也验证了这一点,芝加哥商业交易所1982年推出S&P500股票指数后,股票现货和股指期货的交易量大幅提高;香港1986年推出恒生股指期货后,股票交易量当年就上升了60%,此后股票交易量不断增加。

  影响三,有助于优化投资者结构。目前我国证券市场参与者仍以中小投资者为主,机构投资者的规模只占30%左右,由于各种原因,中小投资者大多以投机心态参与股市,显然不利于证券市场的长期健康发展。股指期货推出后,除了会增强市场的流动性和稳定性之外,也将提高证券市场的发展程度和层次,各种套期保值和套利行为将趋于活跃,中小投资者难以参与,这有利于改善我国证券市场的投资主体结构,大大加速机构化进程,使机构博弈成为市场投资的主流,我国也将像其它发达国家一样进入机构投资者主导的时代。

  影响四,将提升大盘蓝筹股的投资价值。大盘蓝筹股具有股本巨大、业绩优良、派息率高、流动性强等优势,容易受到主流资金的青睐。股指期货推出后,机构投资者手中必须拥有充足的大盘蓝筹股筹码,才能具备调控股指的话语权。我国A股股指期货已选定以沪深300指数为标的,因此,以沪深300指数成分股为代表的大盘蓝筹价值股将成为今后投资者最为关注的焦点,它们将是机构投资者不可或缺的核心配置资产。此外,机构投资者进行套期保值也需要配置许多大盘蓝筹股,并作为基础仓位战略性持有。尤其在股指期货正式推出前还会有抢筹效应,大盘蓝筹股将显现稀缺性溢价。今后投资者应积极关注沪深300指数的成分股,特别是主要成分股。

  下面是大概翻译成英文,你还要自己修正一下:
  The stock index stock's square face makes a sound the stock index stock to have four influences to the Chinese Stock market not to change market long-term trend to continue the steady progression as well as the marketability reform unceasing advancement along with our country economy, the finance derivative product promotes into the urgent matter. The stock index stock takes an investment variety and the risk management tool, is in itself neutral, it will promote will not change the market the long-term trend, although after it will promote in the short-term to the stock market will possibly form certain perturbation, but mainly still will receive the market overall situation and the intrinsic estimate value influence, moreover the estimate value factor's will influence be more important. is natural, because the stock index stock has the finance derivative product characteristic, it will promote definitely will have important and the profound influence to our country stock stock market, mainly will have the following several aspects: affects one, securities investment thinking mode transformation. The stock index stock has provided the risk management tool, is helpful constructs the investment profolio truly in the investor, reduces the systematic risk. Moreover, the stock index stock introduced has made the spatial mechanism, affected the market trend the factor before have been more than, investor's investment thought and the investment strategy must at the right moment transform, change the unidirectional thought are the bidirectional thoughts. After the stock index stock promotes, on the one hand, the market estimate value hastens reasonably, the stock price not too possible to surpass its intrinsic value largely again, otherwise, the stock which will come apart seriously with the fundamental plane will have many arbitrage opportunities; On the other hand, so long as the tendency judgment is accurate, does spatially can also make a profit, namely may also make money in the bear market. affects two, may attract the increase fund approach, the expansion Stock market scale, strengthens the market fluidity. After the stock index stock promotes, because the partial investors need to carry on to the asset portfolio redeploy, therefore in the short-term will possibly diverge stock stock market the fund, will affect the Stock market business volume. But looking from the medium and long-term, the stock index stock promotes causes the stock transaction mechanism to be more perfect, simultaneously have been many one kind of risk management tool, will attract the more steady fund participation stock investment. Moreover, the use stock on-hand merchandise and the stock index stock arbitrage is one kind of risk low transaction pattern, can attract many arbitrage fund entering the market. Therefore, the stock index stock can bring the massive additional fund for the market, enhances the stock stock market the active degree, impels the stock on-hand merchandise and the stock index stock business volume bidirectional growth. Market and so on US, Hong Kong experiences have also confirmed this point, after Chicago commercial exchange in 1982 promoted the S&P500 stock index, the stock on-hand merchandise and the stock index stock's business volume largely enhances; After Hong Kong in 1986 promoted the Hengsheng stock index stock, the stock business volume rose 60% in the past, hereafter the stock business volume increased unceasingly. affects three, is helpful in optimizes the investor structure. At present our country stock market participant still by the young investor primarily, institutional investor's scale only accounted for about 30%, as a result of each kind of reason, the young investor mostly by the congenial point of view participation stock market, does not favor the stock market obviously the long-term healthy development. After the stock index stock promotes, besides will strengthen the market the fluidity and the stability, also will enhance the stock market the degree of development and the level, each kind of hedge and the arbitrage behavior will tend to be active, the young investor will participation with difficulty, this will be advantageous in improves our country stock market the subject of investment structure, will accelerate the organization advancement greatly, will cause the organization to gamble into the market investment the mainstream, our country will also look like other developed countries to enter equally the time which the institutional investor will lead. affects four, will promote the bulk lots blue chip stock the value of each contribution. The bulk lots blue chip stock has the capital stock to be huge, the achievement is fine, distributing dividends rate high, fluidity strong and so on superiority, easy to receive the mainstream fund the favor. After the stock index stock promotes, in the institutional investor hand must have the sufficient bulk lots blue chip stock chip, can have the regulative stock index words power. Our country A stock index stock has designated take the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 indices as the sign, therefore, will become take the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 indices distributes stock shares plans the value stock as representative's bulk lots to become the focal point which blue the investor most will pay from now on attention, they will be institutional investor's indispensable core disposition properties. In addition, the institutional investor carries on the hedge also to need to dispose many bulk lots blue chip stock, and the underlie shipping space strategic has. Especially before the stock index stock will promote officially will also have snatches plans the effect, the bulk lots blue chip stock will appear the scarcity premium. From now on the investor should pay attention to the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 indices to become positively distributes stock shares, specially mainly becomes distributes stock shares.

有不少机构出过报告,你可以找一篇翻译成英文的



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