they are encouraged to do the same怎么翻译？（英语语法
一、一般现在时：
概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, etc.
基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
二、一般过去时：
概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
三、现在进行时：
概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.
基本结构：am/is/are+doing
否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.
一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
四、过去进行时：
概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
基本结构：was/were+doing
否定形式：was/were + not + doing.
一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。
五、现在完成时：
概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
基本结构：have/has + done
否定形式：have/has + not +done.
一般疑问句：have或has。
六、过去完成时：
概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。
时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.
基本结构：had + done.
否定形式：had + not + done.
一般疑问句：had放于句首。
七、一般将来时：
概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
基本结构：①am/is/are/going to + do；②will/shall + do.
否定形式：①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①be放于句首；②will/shall提到句首。
八、过去将来时：
概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。
时间状语：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
基本结构：①was/were/going to + do；②would/should + do.
否定形式：①was/were/not + going to + do;②would/should + not + do.
一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②would/shou
China is catching up rapidly with the developed countries in R&D of avdanced technology, which is somewhat triggered by the striking performance of its neighbour - Japan. The Chinese government has embarked on a techonology-revamping strategy to enhance the country's technological power, witnessed by the ambitious moon investigating plan and increased fund earmarked for R&D activities. Private companies, many of which are funded by venture capital firms, have shown increasing stronger presence in the marketplace. The products are mostly aimed at satisfying civil techonogical needs. In spite of the momentum, the country still needs to reform its education system, as the traditional way of teaching hinders greatly the process of innovation. Out-of-box thinking should be encouraged. The country is to become a unneglectable power in the next 20 or 30 years in technology development, and the input of talents will play a crucial part in that process.
Student 改为复数形式与谓语动词一致。
Students are encouraged 鼓励学生
意思表达不完整，后面须要补充 to do sth.
Students are encouraged to do more
sports after class .
鼓励学生们课后多做运动 。
In the countryside，they are encouraged to do the same. 句子的翻译：
在农村，他们也被鼓励这样做。
分析：
根据上文，do the same（也这么做）指的是： supplement the state pension with contributions to individual accounts（以个人账户缴款补充国家养老金）。
句子成分分析：
In the countryside 介词短语作地点状语；
they 主语；
are encouraged 谓语，被动语态，一般现在时；
to do the same 动词不定式短语作主语补足语。
重点短语：
be encouraged to do，被鼓励做某事。
被动语态，主动语态是：encourage sb to do sth（鼓励某人做某事）
例句：
Anyone interested in creatures is encouraged to buy that book.
建议所有对生物感兴趣的人购买这本书。
Each employee is encouraged to ask any question to understand his or her contribution to the company.
我们鼓励所有员工畅所欲言，了解他们对公司的贡献。
I am always encouraged to speak English.
人们总是鼓舞我讲英语。
In the countryside ,they are
encouraged to do the same .
在乡村，也鼓励人们这样去做。
be encouraged to do sth
被鼓励去做某事,此句是被动语态。
to do the same 不定式
这两句话中都用了被动语态：are obliged to supplement the state pension 直译：被迫补充国家养老金。另一句话中：are encouraged to do the same. 直译：被鼓励做同样的事情。全句可以译为：在城市，工人有义务向个人帐户缴纳养老金以补充国家养老金。在农村，也鼓励这样做。
they are encouraged to do the same 是被动语态，直译是“他们被鼓励去做同样的事情”，不过从汉语的层面来说，应该把“被”字改为“受到”，其实英语的被动语态不一定也用汉语的被动语态来翻译，最好用按汉语习惯在前文变通翻译为主动语态“城市人有义务（如何）”的意译为“在农村也鼓励人们这样做”。
翻译：鼓励他们也这样做
这是一个被动语态结构：一般现在时：主语+be（is/am/are）+过去分词+其它，直译是他们被鼓励做同样的事情。
其他翻译问题欢迎问我们彼岸哦！
